MRS.SHEELAPAUL, MS.MARY SHALINI VIVEKA .J

Diabetes that starts in later life is almost always caused by inability to respond to insulin, not by lack of that hormone. Recent research shows that eating too much fat and too many refined carbohydrates causes the diabetes, and avoiding excess fat and refined carbohydrates helps to control diabetes.

Insulin cannot do its job of driving sugar from the bloodstream into cells until it attaches on hooks on a cell's surface called insulin receptors. Eating too much fat and being fat decrease the number of insulin receptors and cause diabetes. Eating refined carbohydrates in sugar-added foods and drinks, bakery products and pastas calls out the most insulin and therefore increases risk for diabetes.




The epidemic increase in diabetes over the last 20 years is most certainly caused by changes in our diet: taking in too much fat and refined carbohydrate, and being too fat. A sedentary lifestyle and a diet high in carbohydrates, full-fat dairy products and saturated fat from red meat contribute to abdominal fat. Eating a healthy diet with a proportion of fruits, vegetables and other high-fiber, low-fat products can help reduce excess abdominal fat. According to a study conducted by “The American Society for Nutritional Sciences” -Substituting a modest amount of protein from chicken or fish for some of the carbohydrate in your diet can also be beneficial, To achieve the best results, people with diabetes should talk to health care providers about adjusting both diet and activity levels.

Sugars and fats are (besides alcohol) the only sources of energy in your blood. (Redundant protein is converted into sugars and fats) You need fat to stabilize the need for glucose; Sugars supply you with 'fast' energy, but this source is exhausted pretty fast too. Fats keep you going all day, and while you're asleep. When a meal mainly consists of protein or crabs, the blood glucose level increases much more than when also much fat is absorbed. Also, there is less fatty acid available and thus more glucose is utilized for energy. And because of this, the blood-glucose level decreases sooner too. So, there is a much stronger fluctuation of the blood-glucose level. Consuming too little fat causes your blood-glucose level to fluctuate too much, exhausting the insulin-energy system, which causes diabetes.



REASON TO CUT DOWN YOUR FAT

One of the first reasons is the calorie value of fat. Fat is extremely calorie dense, and so it's really easy to get in a lot of calories when we take in fat. Let's take half a cup of peas about seventy to eighty calories. Now, if we add one tablespoon of butter to those peas, it will be a hundred and seventy calories. If we take a half a cup of rice, it's seventy to eighty calories, add one tablespoon of ghee, its a hundred and seventy calories. So any time you add fat to food, you double and triple the calories without changing the volume. So by cutting the fat you're automatically going to cut calories without necessarily changing how much you're eating. A chocolate, that tiny small volume of food may not seem like much but from a calorie perspective it's quite a bit. And if you compare it to something that's really low in calories like vegetable salad there's quite a difference. Ten small chocolate is exactly the same number of calories as five cups of salad so, both fat and sugars have that effect of increasing calories while shrinking the volume.




The fat that is solid at room temperature is what we call saturated fat. Now saturated fat increases the cholesterol that tends to cling to the artery wall, which we call the bad cholesterol, or the LDL cholesterol. Most of the foods are very rich in saturated fat. Fat that's in cheese, in any of your meats, what we call hydrogenated fats in margarine, partially hydrogenated fats in many of the baked goods, those kind of fats raise our cholesterol, so when we cut our total fat, we often end up cutting the saturated fat as well. And the third reason why we want to cut the fat is because the fat in the meal creates more insulin resistance. The body is actually less responsive to insulin when there is a high fat meal. And in addition, there is an effect on what we call endothelial function. The blood vessel is less likely to be able to open and close naturally and tends to stay stiffer when there is fat in the meal

METABOLIC SYNDROM AND FAT

Another reason for the high number of heart attacks in type 2 diabetics is probably related to the work of fat cells around the waist or abdominal area. At one time it was thought that adipocytes, or fat cells, simply served as storage depots for fat. Further research has revealed that fat cells make adipokines... signals that have an important effect upon fat metabolism. Fat in your belly causes your body to make types of fat which are known to build plaques in your blood vessels. The narrowed blood vessels make it difficult for your heart to pump all the blood through this smaller space, increasing your heart's work and blood pressure. Adipokines also appear to decrease insulin sensitivity, causing cells to be unable to take in sugar efficiently.














This combination... increased belly fat, certain types of fats in your blood, and high blood pressure is known as the metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome, especially when combined with obesity, increases the risk for heart disease, strokes, and death. Most people with type 2 diabetes would already have the metabolic syndrome.

Although your first goal is to control your blood sugar levels... in order to prevent vascular complications of diabetes, you also need to achieve normal levels of blood fats, or cholesterol. Above all, your belly fat or abdominal fat issue needs to be addressed as this is a major underlying problem.
Fat is the third and last place insulin tries to deposit glucose circulating in the bloodstream for storage. The first location is cells in the liver and the second are your muscle cells. So for glucose to be going into your fat cells you had to consume more than you required for your immediate energy needs and more than what can fit into your short term storage.
If you look up the many things insulin do you’ll find that insulin happens to also be a growth hormone? This may be one of the reasons why high blood insulin levels are associated with several types of cancer. High circulating levels of insulin in your blood also happens to increase your appetite.














Adding cardiovascular activities like walking 30 minutes each day—can also trim down a spare tire. People who exercise regularly experience significant improvements in insulin sensitivity, allowing them to use the insulin they produce more efficiently and lower blood sugar and lipid levels.




Reducing fat in your diet doesn't mean you will face a life of tasteless but with required amount you can have a healthy heart and life